Activin 的信号传导
中文名称
通路描述
Activin 最初被发现为垂体腺中促卵泡刺激素的激活剂。随后发现它是胚胎细胞分化为肌层和内膜层的重要参与者。Activin 与 Activin 受体结合，触发下游事件：SMAD2 和 SMAD3 的磷酸化，随后激活基因表达 (综述：Attisano 等 1996, Willis 等 1996, Chen 等 2006, Hinck 2012)。Activin 是由 Activin A (INHBA:INHBA)、Activin AB (INHBA:INHBB) 和 Activin B (INHBB:INHBB) 组成的二聚体。Activin 首先与类型 II 受体 (ACVR2A, ACVR2B) 结合，然后该复合物与类型 I 受体 (ACVR1B, ACVR1C) 相互作用。类型 II 受体磷酸化类型 I 受体，然后磷酸化的类型 I 受体磷酸化 SMAD2 和 SMAD3。磷酸化的 SMAD2/3 二聚体结合 SMAD4，形成的三元复合物进入细胞核并激活靶基因。
英文描述
Signaling by Activin Activin was initially discovered as an activator of follicle stimulating hormone in the pituitary gland. It has since been shown to be an important participant in the differentiation of embryonic cells into mesodermal and endodermal layers. Activin binds the Activin receptor and triggers downstream events: phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3 followed by activation of gene expression (reviewed in Attisano et al. 1996, Willis et al. 1996, Chen et al. 2006, Hinck 2012). Activins are dimers comprising activin A (INHBA:INHBA), activin AB (INHBA:INHBB), and activin B (INHBB:INHBB). Activin first binds the type II receptor (ACVR2A, ACVR2B) and this complex then interacts with the type I receptor (ACVR1B, ACVR1C) (Attisano et al. 1996). The type II receptor phosphorylates the type I receptor and then the phosphorylated type I receptor phosphorylates SMAD2 and SMAD3. Dimers of phosphorylated SMAD2/3 bind SMAD4 and the resulting ternary complex enters the nucleus and activates target genes.
所含基因
14 个基因