类固醇激素代谢
中文名称
通路描述
类固醇激素主要在肾上腺和性腺中合成。它们调节能量代谢和应激反应（糖皮质激素）、盐平衡（盐皮质激素）以及性发育和功能（雄激素和雌激素）。所有类固醇激素均源自胆固醇。类固醇激素的合成主要在胆固醇动员和转运进入线粒体基质转化为孕烯醇酮的初始步骤中受到调节。在体内，孕烯醇酮的命运具有组织特异性：在肾上腺皮质束状带中转化为皮质醇，在肾上腺皮质球状带中转化为醛固酮，在性腺中转化为睾酮，然后转化为雌酮和雌二醇。这些途径在下图中概述，该图还详细说明了在这些反应过程中胆固醇分子上的位点。
英文描述
Metabolism of steroid hormones Steroid hormones are synthesized primarily in the adrenal gland and gonads. They regulate energy metabolism and stress responses (glucocorticoids), salt balance (mineralocorticoids), and sexual development and function (androgens and estrogens). All steroids are synthesized from cholesterol. Steroid hormone synthesis is largely regulated at the initial steps of cholesterol mobilization and transport into the mitochondrial matrix for conversion to pregnenolone. In the body, the fate of pregnenolone is tissue-specific: in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex it is converted to cortisol, in the zona glomerulosa to aldosterone, and in the gonads to testosterone and then to estrone and estradiol. These pathways are outlined in the figure below, which also details the sites on the cholesterol molecule that undergo modification in the course of these reactions.
所含基因
1 个基因