豆蔻酰磷酸的合成
中文名称
通路描述
豆蔻酰磷酸是五碳异戊二烯单元线性头尾连接形成的多异戊醇脂质。几乎所有真核细胞膜都含有豆蔻醇，其磷酸化形式在蛋白质的 N-糖基化过程中发挥作用，作为 N-糖基糖锚定在 ER 膜上，并作为合成起点。豆蔻酰磷酸的合成发生在 ER 膜的细胞质面，该面也是 N-糖基化发生的场所，因此非常适合作为该过程的底物。豆蔻酰磷酸可以通过直接对豆蔻醇进行磷酸化获得，该豆蔻醇是在从甲戊二烯酸焦磷酸（mevalonate 5-pyrophosphate）开始的系列反应中形成的，或者通过豆蔻酰二磷酸的脱磷酸化获得，后者是在 N-糖基化合成结束时释放的（Cantagrel & Lefeber 2011）。
英文描述
Keratan sulfate degradation Keratan sulfate proteoglycans (KSPGs) are degraded in lysosomes as part of normal homeostasis of glycoproteins. Glycoproteins must be completely degraded to avoid undigested fragments building up and causing a variety of lysosomal storage diseases. KSPGs are Asn-linked glycoproteins and are acted upon by exo-glycosidases to release sugar monomers. The main steps of degradation are shown representing the types of cleavage reactions that occur so the full degradation of KS is not shown to avoid repetition. The proteolysis of the core protein of the glycoprotein is not shown here (Winchester 2005, Aronson & Kuranda 1989).
所含基因
15 个基因