IRAK2介导的TAK1复合物在TLR7/8或9刺激下的激活
中文名称
通路描述
尽管IRAK-1最初被认为是IL1R/TLR信号通路中TRAF6激活的关键介质(Dong W等,2006),但近期研究表明,IRAK-2而非IRAK-1导致了TRAF6的多聚泛素化(Keating SE等,2007)。IRAK-2功能缺失突变体,其TRAF6结合位点发生突变,无法激活NF-kB,也无法刺激TRAF-6泛素化(Keating SE等,2007)。此外,代理病毒蛋白A52被发现与IRAK-2和TRAF6相互作用,但与IRAK-1无关。进一步研究表明,A52抑制IRAK-2功能,而与TRAF6结合则导致A52诱导的MAPK激活。A52的强抑制效应也观察到在TLR3-NFkB轴上,这一观察结果导致了IRAK-2被招募至TLR3以激活NF-kB(Keating SE等,2007)。因此,A52可能通过靶向IRAK-2抑制MyD88无关的TLR3通路至NF-kB,因为它对其他IL1R/TLR通路的作用类似,尽管尚不清楚IRAK-2在TLR3信号传导中如何参与。
英文描述
Activation of PPARGC1A (PGC-1alpha) by phosphorylation The transcriptional coactivator PPARGC1A (PGC-1alpha), one of the master regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis, is activated by phosphorylation. Energy depletion causes a reduction in ATP and an increase in AMP which activates AMPK. AMPK in turn phosphorylates PPARGC1A. Likewise, p38 MAPK is activated by muscle contraction (possibly via calcium and CaMKII) and phosphorylates PPARGC1A. PPARGC1A does not bind DNA directly, but rather interacts with other transcription factors. Deacetylation of PPARGC1A by SIRT1 appears to follow phosphorylation however the role of deacetylation is unresolved (Canto et al. 2009, Gurd et al. 2011, Philp et al. 2011)
所含基因
10 个基因