姐妹染色单体凝集的解离

中文名称

姐妹染色单体凝集的解离

通路描述

有丝分裂前期姐妹染色单体的解离涉及从染色体臂上移除凝聚蛋白复合物，同时保持着丝极处的凝聚（Losada et al. 1998, Hauf et al. 2001, Hauf et al. 2005）。CDK1 介导的凝聚蛋白结合 CDCA5（S 期蛋白）在丝氨酸 T159 处的磷酸化提供了 PLK1 的结合位点，使 PLK1 介导的凝聚蛋白亚基 STAG2（SA2）和 RAD21（Hauf et al. 2005, Dreier et al. 2011, Zhang et al. 2011）的磷酸化得以进行。CDK1 进一步磷酸化 CDCA5，导致 CDCA5 与凝聚蛋白复合物的解离，从而恢复 WAPAL 活性，使其能够移除染色体臂上 STAG2 磷酸化的凝聚蛋白（Hauf et al. 2005, Gandhi et al. 2006, Kueng et al. 2006, Shintomi and Hirano 2006, Nishiyama et al. 2010, Zhang et al. 2011）。在着丝极处，着丝粒蛋白舒格索林（SGOL1 和 SGOL2）使 PP2A-B56（也是着丝粒组分）去磷酸化着丝粒凝聚蛋白的 STAG2 亚基。STAG2 的去磷酸化有助于维持着丝粒凝聚，从而防止姐妹染色单体分离，直到有丝分裂后期（Salic et al. 2004, Kitajima et al. 2004, Kitajima et al. 2005, Kitajima et al. 2006）。

英文描述

Resolution of Sister Chromatid Cohesion The resolution of sister chromatids in mitotic prometaphase involves removal of cohesin complexes from chromosomal arms, with preservation of cohesion at centromeres (Losada et al. 1998, Hauf et al. 2001, Hauf et al. 2005).

CDK1-mediated phosphorylation of cohesin-bound CDCA5 (Sororin) at threonine T159 provides a docking site for PLK1, enabling PLK1-mediated phosphorylation of cohesin subunits STAG2 (SA2) and RAD21 (Hauf et al. 2005, Dreier et al. 2011, Zhang et al. 2011). Further phosphorylation of CDCA5 by CDK1 results in dissociation of CDCA5 from cohesin complex, which restores the activity of WAPAL in removing STAG2-phosphorylated cohesin from chromosomal arms (Hauf et al. 2005, Gandhi et al. 2006, Kueng et al. 2006, Shintomi and Hirano 2006, Nishiyama et al. 2010, Zhang et al. 2011).

At centromeres, kinetochore proteins shugoshins (SGOL1 and SGOL2) enable PP2A-B56 (also a kinetochore constituent) to dephosphorylate the STAG2 subunit of centromeric cohesin. Dephosphorylation of STAG2 enables maintenance of centromeric cohesion, thus preventing separation of sister chromatids until anaphase (Salic et al. 2004, Kitajima et al. 2004, Kitajima et al. 2005, Kitajima et al. 2006).

所含基因

123 个基因

AHCTF1 APITD1 AURKB B9D2 BIRC5 BUB1 BUB1B BUB3 CCNB1 CCNB2 CDC20 CDCA5 CDCA8 CDK1 CENPA CENPC1 CENPE CENPF CENPH CENPI CENPK CENPL CENPM CENPN CENPO CENPP CENPQ CENPT CKAP5 CLASP1 CLASP2 CLIP1 DSN1 DYNC1H1 DYNC1I1 DYNC1I2 DYNC1LI1 DYNC1LI2 DYNLL1 DYNLL2 ERCC6L FIRRM INCENP ITGB3BP KIF18A KIF2A KIF2B KIF2C KNL1 KNTC1 MAD1L1 MAD2L1 MAPRE1 MIS12 MLF1IP NDC80 NDE1 NDEL1 NSL1 NUDC NUF2 NUP107 NUP133 NUP160 NUP37 NUP43 NUP85 PAFAH1B1 PDS5A PDS5B PLK1 PMF1 PPP1CC PPP2CA PPP2CB PPP2R1A PPP2R1B PPP2R5A PPP2R5B PPP2R5C PPP2R5D PPP2R5E RAD21 RANBP2 RANGAP1 RCC2 RPS27 SEC13 SGOL1 SGOL2 SKA1 SKA2 SMC1A SMC3 SPC24 SPC25 SPDL1 STAG1 STAG2 TAOK1 TUBA1A TUBA1B TUBA1C TUBA3C TUBA3D TUBA3E TUBA4A TUBA4B TUBA8 TUBAL3 TUBB1 TUBB2A TUBB2B TUBB3 TUBB4A TUBB4B TUBB6 TUBB8 WAPAL XPO1 ZW10 ZWILCH ZWINT