利什曼原虫感染中的嘌呤能信号传导
中文名称
通路描述
嘌呤受体分为激动素型（P2XR）和代谢型（P2YR）亚型，其配体分别为ATP和UDP（Cekic et al. 2016）。这些核苷酸与巨噬细胞上的受体结合，与炎症小体的激活有关，进而导致白细胞介素1β（IL1β）和TNF-α的激活（Cekic et al. 2016 & Figueiredo et al. 2016）。ATP的释放来自面临应激刺激的组织和微生物感染等部位。作为一种调节机制，某些酶可以将ATP减少为腺苷，核苷酸可刺激信号通路，进而合成抗炎细胞因子（Cekic et al. 2016）。P2RX7受体的激活被证明会激活杀伤机制或细胞死亡程序，最终导致消灭如莱什曼原虫（Leishmania amazonensis）、结核分枝杆菌（Mycobacterium tuberculosis）、鹦鹉热衣原体（Chlamydia psittaci）和弓形虫（Toxoplasma gondii）等微生物（Coutinho-Silva et al. 2012 & Idzko, 2014）。
英文描述
Interconversion of polyamines The reactions catalyzed by aminopropyl-transferases annotated above are generally irreversible. But spermine and spermidine can be recycled respectively into spermidine and putrescine. These events require the formation of N-acetylated intermediates, N1-acetylspermine and N1-acetylspermidine catalyzed by a cytosolic acetyl-CoA:spermidine/spermine N1-acetyl-tranferase (SSAT) enzyme.
Subsequently, polyamine-oxidase (PAO), a FAD enzyme present in the peroxysomes, yields a polyamine with release of an aldehyde (3-acetamindopropanal) and H2O2.
In addition, SMOX, a FAD-dependent, polyamine oxidase (PAOh1/SMO) that can efficiently use spermine as a substrate and is involved in interconversion reactions.
Subsequently, polyamine-oxidase (PAO), a FAD enzyme present in the peroxysomes, yields a polyamine with release of an aldehyde (3-acetamindopropanal) and H2O2.
In addition, SMOX, a FAD-dependent, polyamine oxidase (PAOh1/SMO) that can efficiently use spermine as a substrate and is involved in interconversion reactions.
所含基因
3 个基因