CD28依赖的PI3K/Akt信号
中文名称
通路描述
CD28介导的PI3K信号在增强T细胞激活和生存方面起关键作用。磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶（PI3Ks）是脂质激酶，可在各种受体下游被激活，包括T细胞受体（TCR）、共刺激受体如CD28和细胞因子或趋化因子受体。PI3K信号的作用取决于上游受体。CD28特异性地在其胞质尾含有YMNM共识基序，作为PI3K p85调节亚基的结合位点。当CD28被激活时，它促进PI3K的招募，补充TCR下游的PI3K激活。这种招募触发磷脂酰肌醇（4,5）-二磷酸（PIP2）转化为磷脂酰肌醇（3,4,5）- 三磷酸（PIP3）于质膜，作为多种信号蛋白的结合位点。在这些中，鸟苷酸交换因子VAV和丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶AKT（也称为蛋白激酶B，PKB）是CD28诱导共刺激信号的关键介质。CD28介导的PI3K激活促进细胞因子转录（如IL - 2）、T细胞生存通过抗凋亡途径、细胞周期进展和T细胞生长所需的代谢变化（Riha和Rudd. 2010，Miller等，2009，Han等，2012）。
英文描述
CD28 dependent PI3K/Akt signaling CD28-mediated PI3K signaling plays a crucial role in augmenting T cell activation and survival. Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are lipid kinases that can be activated downstream of various receptors, including the T-cell receptor (TCR), co-stimulatory receptors like CD28, and cytokine or chemokine receptors. The role of PI3K signaling differs depending on the upstream receptor involved. CD28, specifically, contains a YMNM consensus motif in its cytoplasmic tail, which serves as a binding site for the p85 regulatory subunit of PI3K.
When CD28 is engaged, it promotes the recruitment of PI3K, complementing PI3K activation downstream of the TCR. This recruitment triggers the conversion of phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2) to phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3) at the plasma membrane, which serves as a docking site for multiple signaling proteins. Among these, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV and the serine/threonine kinase AKT (also known as protein kinase B, PKB) are key mediators of CD28-induced costimulatory signals. PI3K activation through CD28 promotes cytokine transcription (e.g., IL-2), T cell survival via anti-apoptotic pathways, cell cycle progression, and metabolic changes necessary for T cell growth (Riha and Rudd. 2010, Miller et al. 2009, Han et al. 2012).
When CD28 is engaged, it promotes the recruitment of PI3K, complementing PI3K activation downstream of the TCR. This recruitment triggers the conversion of phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2) to phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3) at the plasma membrane, which serves as a docking site for multiple signaling proteins. Among these, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV and the serine/threonine kinase AKT (also known as protein kinase B, PKB) are key mediators of CD28-induced costimulatory signals. PI3K activation through CD28 promotes cytokine transcription (e.g., IL-2), T cell survival via anti-apoptotic pathways, cell cycle progression, and metabolic changes necessary for T cell growth (Riha and Rudd. 2010, Miller et al. 2009, Han et al. 2012).
所含基因
28 个基因