维生素、核苷酸及相关分子的转运
中文名称
通路描述
该部分将由SLC转运蛋白介导的维生素、辅因子以及核苷酸、核苷、核苷碱基及相关分子跨脂质双层膜的过程进行分组（He et al. 2009）。人类SLC5A6基因编码Na+-依赖性多维生素转运蛋白SMVT（Prasad et al. 1999）。SMVT与Na+离子协同转运生物素（维生素B7）、D-泛酸（维生素B5）和硫辛酸进入细胞。四个SLC基因家族编码介导核苷酸和游离嘌呤、嘧啶碱基跨质膜移动的转运蛋白。这些转运蛋白在核苷酸合成补救途径和细胞摄取用于治疗和病毒疾病的核苷酸类似物中起关键作用（He et al. 2009）。人类基因SLC33A1编码乙酰-CoA转运蛋白AT1（Kanamori et al. 1997）。乙酰-CoA被转运至高尔基体腔，作为乙酰转移酶的底物，这些酶对鞘糖脂和糖蛋白上的唾液酸残基进行O-乙酰化。核苷酸糖用作糖供体，由糖基转移酶创建糖链，形成糖蛋白、多糖和糖脂等糖共价化合物。糖基转移酶主要位于高尔基体腔和内质网（ER）中，而核苷酸糖在细胞质中合成。人类溶质载体家族SLC35编码核苷酸糖转运蛋白（NSTs），定位于高尔基体和ER膜，可介导核苷酸糖与相应核苷酸单磷酸盐（如UMP与UDP糖）之间的交换（Handford et al. 2006）。长链脂肪酸（LCFAs）可作为能量来源和类固醇激素合成，并调节许多细胞过程，如炎症、血压、凝血过程、血脂水平和免疫反应。SLC27A家族编码脂肪酸转运蛋白（FATPs）（Stahl 2004）。SLC基因家族的成员SLCO1、SLCO2和SLCO3编码有机阴离子转运多肽（OATPs）。OATPs是膜转运蛋白，介导钠不依赖的广泛亲疏水性有机化合物（包括胆汁盐、类固醇共轭物、甲状腺激素、阴离子寡肽和许多药物）的转运（Hagenbuch & Meier 2004）。
英文描述
Transport of vitamins, nucleosides, and related molecules This section groups the processes mediated by SLC transporters, by which vitamins and cofactors, as well as nucleosides, nucleotides, nucleobases, and related molecules cross lipid bilayer membranes (He et al. 2009).
The human SLC5A6 encodes the Na+-dependent multivitamin transporter SMVT (Prasad et al. 1999). SMVT co-transports biotin (vitamin B7), D-Pantothoate (vitamin B5) and lipoic acid into cells with Na+ ions electrogenically.
Four SLC gene families encode transporters that mediate the movement of nucleosides and free purine and pyrimidine bases across the plasma membrane. These transporters play key roles in nucleoside and nucleobase uptake for salvage pathways of nucleotide synthesis, and in the cellular uptake of nucleoside analogues used in the treatment of cancers and viral diseases (He et al. 2009).
The human gene SLC33A1 encodes acetyl-CoA transporter AT1 (Kanamori et al. 1997). Acetyl-CoA is transported to the lumen of the Golgi apparatus, where it serves as the substrate of acetyltransferases that O-acetylates sialyl residues of gangliosides and glycoproteins.
Nucleotide sugars are used as sugar donors by glycosyltransferases to create the sugar chains for glycoconjugates such as glycoproteins, polysaccharides and glycolipids. Glycosyltransferases reside mainly in the lumen of the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) whereas nucleotide sugars are synthesized in the cytosol. The human solute carrier family SLC35 encode nucleotide sugar transporters (NSTs), localised on Golgi and ER membranes, which can mediate the antiport of nucleotide sugars in exchange for the corresponding nucleoside monophosphates (eg. UMP for UDP-sugars) (Handford et al. 2006).
Long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) can be used for energy sources and steroid hormone synthesis and regulate many cellular processes such as inflammation, blood pressure, the clotting process, blood lipid levels and the immune response. The SLC27A family encode fatty acid transporter proteins (FATPs) (Stahl 2004).
The SLC gene family members SLCO1 SLCO2 and SLCO3 encode organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs). OATPs are membrane transport proteins that mediate the sodium-independent transport of a wide range of amphipathic organic compounds including bile salts, steroid conjugates, thyroid hormones, anionic oligopeptides and numerous drugs (Hagenbuch & Meier 2004).
The human SLC5A6 encodes the Na+-dependent multivitamin transporter SMVT (Prasad et al. 1999). SMVT co-transports biotin (vitamin B7), D-Pantothoate (vitamin B5) and lipoic acid into cells with Na+ ions electrogenically.
Four SLC gene families encode transporters that mediate the movement of nucleosides and free purine and pyrimidine bases across the plasma membrane. These transporters play key roles in nucleoside and nucleobase uptake for salvage pathways of nucleotide synthesis, and in the cellular uptake of nucleoside analogues used in the treatment of cancers and viral diseases (He et al. 2009).
The human gene SLC33A1 encodes acetyl-CoA transporter AT1 (Kanamori et al. 1997). Acetyl-CoA is transported to the lumen of the Golgi apparatus, where it serves as the substrate of acetyltransferases that O-acetylates sialyl residues of gangliosides and glycoproteins.
Nucleotide sugars are used as sugar donors by glycosyltransferases to create the sugar chains for glycoconjugates such as glycoproteins, polysaccharides and glycolipids. Glycosyltransferases reside mainly in the lumen of the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) whereas nucleotide sugars are synthesized in the cytosol. The human solute carrier family SLC35 encode nucleotide sugar transporters (NSTs), localised on Golgi and ER membranes, which can mediate the antiport of nucleotide sugars in exchange for the corresponding nucleoside monophosphates (eg. UMP for UDP-sugars) (Handford et al. 2006).
Long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) can be used for energy sources and steroid hormone synthesis and regulate many cellular processes such as inflammation, blood pressure, the clotting process, blood lipid levels and the immune response. The SLC27A family encode fatty acid transporter proteins (FATPs) (Stahl 2004).
The SLC gene family members SLCO1 SLCO2 and SLCO3 encode organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs). OATPs are membrane transport proteins that mediate the sodium-independent transport of a wide range of amphipathic organic compounds including bile salts, steroid conjugates, thyroid hormones, anionic oligopeptides and numerous drugs (Hagenbuch & Meier 2004).
所含基因
3 个基因