阳离子耦合氯离子共转运体
中文名称
通路描述
阳离子 - 氯离子共转运体家族（SLC12 基因家族）是膜蛋白，它们以电中性方式共转运氯离子（Cl-）与钠离子（Na+）、钾离子（K+）或两者。这些蛋白质的普遍拓扑结构特征为 12 个跨膜域，两侧由亲水性的 N 端和 C 端域隔开。它们是二级转运体，这些阳离子的移动由初级转运体（如 Na+-K+-ATP 酶）建立的梯度决定。使用 Na+ 作为驱动力的共转运体将 Cl- 运入细胞，因为细胞外 Na+ 浓度较高。相反，使用 K+ 作为驱动力的共转运体将 Cl- 运出细胞，因为细胞内 K+ 浓度较高。
SLC12 基因家族包含九个成员，其中七个是已明确特征化的基因，两个是孤儿基因。它们编码共转运体蛋白，分别参与：1) 氯离子稳态，2) 调节细胞体积，3) 跨上皮离子移动（肾脏中的盐重吸收）和 4) 对神经递质（如 GABA）的反应。
七个特征化的基因表达三种不同的共转运体亚型；一种噻唑烷二酮敏感的 Na+/Cl- 共转运体，两种环利尿剂敏感的 Na+, K+/2Cl- 共转运体，以及四种 K+/Cl- 共转运体（Gamba G, 2005; Hebert SC et al, 2004）。
SLC12 基因家族包含九个成员，其中七个是已明确特征化的基因，两个是孤儿基因。它们编码共转运体蛋白，分别参与：1) 氯离子稳态，2) 调节细胞体积，3) 跨上皮离子移动（肾脏中的盐重吸收）和 4) 对神经递质（如 GABA）的反应。
七个特征化的基因表达三种不同的共转运体亚型；一种噻唑烷二酮敏感的 Na+/Cl- 共转运体，两种环利尿剂敏感的 Na+, K+/2Cl- 共转运体，以及四种 K+/Cl- 共转运体（Gamba G, 2005; Hebert SC et al, 2004）。
英文描述
Cation-coupled Chloride cotransporters The cation-chloride cotransporter family (SLC12 gene family) are membrane proteins that cotranslocate chloride (Cl-) with either Na+, K+, or both cations electroneutrally. The general topology of these proteins feature 12 transmembrane domains flanked by hydrophilic NH2 and COOH-terminal domains. They are secondary transporters and movement of these cations is determined by gradients established by primary transporters such as Na+-K+-ATPase. Cotransporters that use Na+ as the driving force move Cl- into the cell because Na+ concentration is higher in the extracellular region. Conversely, cotransporters that use K+ as the driving force move Cl- out of the cell because K+ concentration is higher inside the cell.
The SLC12 gene family contains nine members, of which seven are clearly characterized genes and two are orphans. They encode cotransporter proteins which are 1) involved in Cl- homeostasis, 2) regulate cell volume, 3) involved in transepithelial ion movement (salt reabsorption in the kidney) and 4) involved in response to neurotransmitters such as GABA.
Three different cotransporter subtypes are expressed by the seven characterized genes; one thiazide-sensitive Na+/Cl- cotransporter, two loop diuretic-sensitive Na+, K+/2Cl- cotransporters and four K+/Cl- cotransporters (Gamba G, 2005; Hebert SC et al, 2004).
The SLC12 gene family contains nine members, of which seven are clearly characterized genes and two are orphans. They encode cotransporter proteins which are 1) involved in Cl- homeostasis, 2) regulate cell volume, 3) involved in transepithelial ion movement (salt reabsorption in the kidney) and 4) involved in response to neurotransmitters such as GABA.
Three different cotransporter subtypes are expressed by the seven characterized genes; one thiazide-sensitive Na+/Cl- cotransporter, two loop diuretic-sensitive Na+, K+/2Cl- cotransporters and four K+/Cl- cotransporters (Gamba G, 2005; Hebert SC et al, 2004).
所含基因
7 个基因