质子耦合单羧酸转运
中文名称
通路描述
SLC16A 基因家族编码质子耦合单羧酸转运子（MCT），介导单羧酸如乳酸和丙酮酸的转运。单羧酸是人体所有细胞的能量来源，因此它们的转运对于细胞功能至关重要。迄今为止，已通过序列同源性鉴定出 14 个 SLC16A 成员。其中仅 7 个异构体已被功能表征，并非所有成员都作为质子耦合转运子发挥作用。其中一些可以转运利尿剂、甲状腺激素和芳香族氨基酸。剩余的 7 个 SLC16A 成员被归类为孤儿 MCT（Morris & Felmlee 2008, Merezhinskaya & Fishbein 2009）。
英文描述
Proton-coupled monocarboxylate transport The SLC16A gene family encode proton-linked monocarboxylate transporters (MCT) which mediate the transport of monocarboxylates such as lactate and pyruvate. Monocarboxylates are a major energy source for all cells in the body so their transport in and out of cells is crucial for cellular function. To date, 14 SLC16A members have been identified through sequence homology. Of these 14 members, only seven isoforms have been functionally characterized and not all of these function as proton-coupled transporters. A number can transport diuretics, thyroid hormones and aromatic amino acids. The seven remaining SLC16A members are classed as orphan MCTs (Morris & Felmlee 2008, Merezhinskaya & Fishbein 2009).
In mammalian cells, MCTs (monocarboxylate transporters) require association with an ancillary protein to enable plasma membrane expression of the active transporter. Basigin (BSG, CD147) is the preferred binding partner for MCT1, MCT3 and MCT4, while MCT2 requires Embigin (EMB) (Wilson et al. 2005).
In mammalian cells, MCTs (monocarboxylate transporters) require association with an ancillary protein to enable plasma membrane expression of the active transporter. Basigin (BSG, CD147) is the preferred binding partner for MCT1, MCT3 and MCT4, while MCT2 requires Embigin (EMB) (Wilson et al. 2005).
所含基因
6 个基因