宿主 - 病原体界面处的离子流入/流出
中文名称
通路描述
必需金属离子作为辅因子，使酶能够催化仅使用有机催化剂无法达到的更广泛的化学反应。生物体的金属需求因物种、环境栖息地、代谢状态和昼夜节律而异。金属是许多对病原体和宿主都至关重要的过程的辅因子，它们被 DNA 复制和转录、氧化应激缓解和细胞呼吸中的酶所协调。然而，过量过渡金属可能有毒，因为它们能够引起自发的氧化还原循环并扰乱正常的代谢过程。脊椎动物进化出了复杂的机制来限制某些关键金属的可用性，同时向感染部位输送其他金属的抗菌浓度。病原体和宿主都有复杂的金属稳态调节系统。了解这些为对抗病原体提供了策略，要么通过排除微生物中的必需金属，要么通过向微生物输送过量金属引起毒性，要么通过金属络合微生物。
英文描述
Ion influx/efflux at host-pathogen interface Essential metal ions act as co-factors that enable enzymes to catalyse a wider range of chemical transformations than would be achievable using solely organic catalysts. The precise metal requirements of organisms vary between species, environmental niches, metabolic states and circadian rhythms.
Metals are required cofactors for numerous processes that are essential to both pathogen and host. They are coordinated in enzymes responsible for DNA replication and transcription, relief from oxidative stress, and cellular respiration. However, excess transition metals can be toxic due to their ability to cause spontaneous redox cycling and disrupt normal metabolic processes. Vertebrates have evolved intricate mechanisms to limit the availability of some crucial metals while concurrently flooding sites of infection with antimicrobial concentrations of other metals.
Both pathogens and hosts have complex regulatory systems for metal homeostasis. Understanding these provides strategies for fighting pathogens, either by excluding essential metals from the microbes, by delivery of excess metals to cause toxicity, or by complexing metals in microorganisms.
Metals are required cofactors for numerous processes that are essential to both pathogen and host. They are coordinated in enzymes responsible for DNA replication and transcription, relief from oxidative stress, and cellular respiration. However, excess transition metals can be toxic due to their ability to cause spontaneous redox cycling and disrupt normal metabolic processes. Vertebrates have evolved intricate mechanisms to limit the availability of some crucial metals while concurrently flooding sites of infection with antimicrobial concentrations of other metals.
Both pathogens and hosts have complex regulatory systems for metal homeostasis. Understanding these provides strategies for fighting pathogens, either by excluding essential metals from the microbes, by delivery of excess metals to cause toxicity, or by complexing metals in microorganisms.
所含基因
4 个基因