缺氧诱导因子α的脯氨酸依赖性羟化
中文名称
通路描述
缺氧诱导因子α亚基（包括HIF1A、HIF2A和HIF3A）由脯氨酸残基上的脯氨酸羟化酶PHD1（EGLN2）、PHD2（EGLN1）和PHD3（EGLN3）羟化。该反应需要分子氧作为底物，因此被缺氧抑制。PHD2（EGLN1）主要位于细胞质中，是氧气调节HIFα亚基的关键决定因素。脯氨酸羟化后的HIFα亚基与含有ElonginB、Elongin C、CUL2和RBX1的VHL复合物结合，VHL将HIFα泛素化，导致其通过蛋白酶体降解。缺氧抑制脯氨酸羟化及与VHL的结合，稳定HIFα，使其转位至细胞核并激活基因表达。
英文描述
Zymostenol biosynthesis via lathosterol (Kandutsch-Russell pathway) The transformation of zymosterol into cholesterol can follow either of routes, one in which reduction of the double bond in the isooctyl side chain is the final step (cholesterol synthesis via desmosterol, also known as the Bloch pathway) and one in which this reduction is the first step (cholesterol biosynthesis via lathosterol, also known as the Kandutsch-Russell pathway). The former pathway is prominent in the liver and many other tissues while the latter is prominent in skin, where it may serve as the source of the 7-dehydrocholesterol that is the starting point for the synthesis of D vitamins (Kandutsch & Russell 1960; Mitsche et al. 2015).
所含基因
8 个基因