丁酰肉碱 (BTN) 家族相互作用
中文名称
通路描述
丁酰肉碱 (BTNs) 和丁酰肉碱样 (BTNL) 分子是免疫反应的调节者，属于免疫球蛋白 (Ig) 超家族的跨膜蛋白。它们在结构上与 B7 家族的共刺激分子类似，并具有相似的免疫调节功能。BTNs 涉及 T 细胞的发育、激活和抑制，以及 T 细胞与抗原呈递细胞和上皮细胞相互作用的调节。某些 BTNs 与自身免疫和炎症疾病遗传相关。人类丁酰肉碱家族包括七个成员，分为三个亚家族：BTN1、BTN2 和 BTN3。BTN1 亚家族仅包含 BTN1A1 基因，而 BTN2 和 BTN3 亚家族分别包含 BTN2A1、BTN2A2、BTN2A3 和 BTN3A1、BTN3A2、BTN3A3 三个基因（注意 BTN2A3 是假基因）。BTN1A1 在脂质分泌到乳汁中起关键作用，而 BTN2 和 BTN3 蛋白作为细胞表面跨膜糖蛋白，作为免疫反应的调节者。BTNL 蛋白与 BTN 家族成员具有相当大的同源性。人类基因组包含四个 BTNL 基因：BTNL2、3、8 和 9。
英文描述
Butyrophilin (BTN) family interactions Butyrophilins (BTNs) and butyrophilin like (BTNL) molecules are regulators of immune responses that belong to the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily of transmembrane proteins. They are structurally related to the B7 family of co-stimulatory molecules and have similar immunomodulatory functions (Afrache et al. 2012, Arnett & Viney 2014). BTNs are implicated in T cell development, activation and inhibition, as well as in the modulation of the interactions of T cells with antigen presenting cells and epithelial cells. Certain BTNsare genetically associated with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases (Abeler Domer et al. 2014).
The human butyrophilin family includes seven members that are subdivided into three subfamilies: BTN1, BTN2 and BTN3. The BTN1 subfamily contains only the prototypic single copy BTN1A1 gene, whereas the BTN2 and BTN3 subfamilies each contain three genes BTN2A1, BTN2A2 and BTN2A3, and BTN3A1, BTN3A2 and BTN3A3, respectively (note that BTN2A3 is a pseudogene). BTN1A1 has a crucial function in the secretion of lipids into milk (Ogg et al. 2004) and collectively, BTN2 and BTN3 proteins are cell surface transmembrane glycoproteins, that act as regulators of immune responses. BTNL proteins share considerable homology to the BTN family members. The human genome contains four BTNL genes: BTNL2, 3, 8 and 9 (Abeler Domer et al. 2014).
The human butyrophilin family includes seven members that are subdivided into three subfamilies: BTN1, BTN2 and BTN3. The BTN1 subfamily contains only the prototypic single copy BTN1A1 gene, whereas the BTN2 and BTN3 subfamilies each contain three genes BTN2A1, BTN2A2 and BTN2A3, and BTN3A1, BTN3A2 and BTN3A3, respectively (note that BTN2A3 is a pseudogene). BTN1A1 has a crucial function in the secretion of lipids into milk (Ogg et al. 2004) and collectively, BTN2 and BTN3 proteins are cell surface transmembrane glycoproteins, that act as regulators of immune responses. BTNL proteins share considerable homology to the BTN family members. The human genome contains four BTNL genes: BTNL2, 3, 8 and 9 (Abeler Domer et al. 2014).
所含基因
12 个基因