HIV生命周期早期阶段
中文名称
通路描述
在HIV生命周期的早期阶段，带有活性衣壳的病毒颗粒主要通过病毒包膜蛋白与宿主细胞表面受体的特异性相互作用进入靶细胞。病毒衣壳去包膜，暴露出包含RNA和病毒蛋白的病毒核蛋白复合物。HIV RNA基因组由病毒逆转录酶逆转录形成cDNA拷贝，并将其插入宿主细胞DNA中。病毒整合酶对于将病毒cDNA整合到宿主基因组中至关重要。宿主DNA修复酶可能修复整合位点处的DNA断裂。
英文描述
RUNX2 regulates bone development RUNX2 is required for the development of both intramembraneous and endochondral bones through regulation of osteoblast differentiation and chondrocyte maturation, respectively. In its absence, intramembraneous ossification is blocked while endochondral ossification is arrested at the cartilaginous stage (Otto et al. 1997, Komori et al. 1997). In mice and humans, RUNX2 haploinsufficiency causes Cleidocranial dysplasia, a generalized bone disorder (Otto et al. 1997, Lee et al. 1997).
RUNX2 stimulates transcription of most of the genes constituting the bone extracellular matrix and of BGLAP gene, which encodes Osteocalcin, a bone-derived hormone controlling glucose metabolism, male fertility and cognition (Ducy et al. 1997).
RUNX2 promotes chondrocyte maturation by stimulating transcription of the IHH gene, encoding Indian hedgehog (Takeda et al. 2001, Yoshida et al. 2004).
In response to BMP2 signaling, RUNX2 forms a complex with SMAD1:SMAD4 heterotrimer in the nucleus and stimulates transcription of SMAD6 (Wang et al. 2007).
RBM14, a negative regulator of RUNX2 transcriptional activity, is frequently overexpressed in osteosarcoma (Li et al. 2009).
RUNX2 stimulates transcription of most of the genes constituting the bone extracellular matrix and of BGLAP gene, which encodes Osteocalcin, a bone-derived hormone controlling glucose metabolism, male fertility and cognition (Ducy et al. 1997).
RUNX2 promotes chondrocyte maturation by stimulating transcription of the IHH gene, encoding Indian hedgehog (Takeda et al. 2001, Yoshida et al. 2004).
In response to BMP2 signaling, RUNX2 forms a complex with SMAD1:SMAD4 heterotrimer in the nucleus and stimulates transcription of SMAD6 (Wang et al. 2007).
RBM14, a negative regulator of RUNX2 transcriptional activity, is frequently overexpressed in osteosarcoma (Li et al. 2009).
所含基因
7 个基因