RHOQ GTPase cycle

RHOQ GTPase cycle This pathway catalogues RHOQ (also known as TC10) guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), GTPase activator proteins (GAPs), and RHOQ effectors. No GDP dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) have been shown to interact with RHOQ. Two GDIs, ARHGDIA (also known as Rho-GDI alpha) (Michaelson et al. 2001; Murphy et al. 2001) and ARHGDIB (also known as D4-GDI) (Zhang et al. 2009), were specifically shown not to interact with RHOQ. RHOQ, together with RHOJ (TCL), belongs to the CDC42 subfamily of RHO GTPases, with the three family members sharing 65-85% of homology (Murphy et al. 1999, Vignal et al. 2000, Donnelly et al. 2014; Shi et al. 2016). RHOQ is highly activated on exocytosing vesicles and recycling endosomes. RHOQ GTPase activity is necessary for fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane (Kawase et al. 2006, Donnelly et al. 2014). RHOQ is required for insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (Kanzaki and Pessin 2003; Saltiel and Pessin 2003) and is involved in insulin signaling in adipocytes (Satoh 2014). While some studies reported RHOQ involvement in neurite outgrowth (Abe et al. 2003, Gonzalez‐Billault et al. 2012) and regulation of membrane addition during axon formation (Dupraz et al. 2009, Gonzalez‐Billault et al. 2012), other studies failed to identify RHOQ as a regulator of neurite outgrowth (Murphy et al. 1999, Murphy et al. 2001).