E 系列 18(R)- resolvins 的生物合成
中文名称
通路描述
鱼油中重要的ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）EPA 是 E 系列 resolvins 的来源，这是一种具有强大抗炎和促恢复作用的特化促炎介质（SPMs）。EPA 的初始转化可由细胞色素 P450 或阿司匹林乙酰化的环氧化酶-2 介导，产生 18(R)-和 18(S)-立体异构的 E-resolvins。氧化、还原和水解反应的组合决定了形成的 E-resolvins 的类型（RvE1、RvE2 或 RvE3）。环氧化酶异构体的乙酰化会导致活性改变。环氧化酶-1 的乙酰化导致其抑制，从而阻止炎症介质的产生。然而，环氧化酶-2 的乙酰化将其酶活性从环氧化酶转变为脂氧合酶，从而阻断前列腺素生物合成，并额外启动 SPMs 的产生（Arita 等，2005；Kyriakopoulos 等，2017）。本文描述了 18(R) E-resolvins 的生物合成。
英文描述
Biosynthesis of E-series 18(S)-resolvins Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a major Ï-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) found in fish oil is the source of E-series resolvins, one of the specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) that show potent anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving actions (Molfino et al. 2017, Calder 2017). The initial transformation of EPA can be mediated by either cytochrome P450s and/or aspirin-acetylated cyclooxygenase-2, resulting in stereospecific formation of 18(R)- and 18(S) E-resolvins. Combinations of oxidation, reduction and hydrolysis reactions determine the type of E-resolvin formed (RvE1, RvE2 or RvE3) (Serhan & Petasis 2011). Aspirin acetylation of cyclooxygenase isoforms results in changed activities. Acetylation of cyclooxygenase-1 results in its inhibition and thereby halting production of inflammatory mediators. However, acetylation of cyclooxygenase-2 transforms its enzyme activity from a cyclooxygenase to a lipoxygenase, thereby blocking prostaglandin biosynthesis and, additionally, initiating the production of SPMs (Arita et al. 2005, Kyriakopoulos et al. 2017). The biosynthesis of 18(S) E-resolvins is described here.
所含基因
4 个基因