抗菌作用与抗菌耐药性在结核分枝杆菌中
中文名称
通路描述
抗菌化合物杀死微生物或抑制其生长，无论是在宿主内，还是在皮肤表面（消毒剂），或在环境中（消毒剂）。在宿主体内，它们以靶共生体命名，例如抗生素、抗真菌药和抗寄生虫药。只要永久阻断共生体的关键途径即可杀死它。广谱抗菌剂通常靶向保守途径，如蛋白质合成或细胞壁构建，以影响整个分类群（Arenz & Wilson 2016, Barry et al. 2007, Green 2002）。微生物（细菌、病毒、寄生虫）对抗菌剂的耐药性是公共卫生问题中最重要之一。存在多种机制，它们要么是通过突变获得的，要么是通过水平基因转移获得的，要么是与该生物体固有的。主要机制包括抗菌剂的修饰、其从作用地点的移除、受影响途径中结合伙伴的修饰，或备用途径的使用。参与共生体（如在生物膜中）的机体可启用额外的耐药机制（Aminov & Mackie 2007, Peterson & Kaur 2018, van Acker et al. 2014, van Acker & Coenye 2016）。
英文描述
Antimicrobial action and antimicrobial resistance in Mtb Antimicrobial compounds kill microorganisms or inhibit their growth, either in the host, outside on the skin (antiseptics), or in the environment (disinfectants). In the host they are named after the target symbiont, for example antibiotics, antifungals, and antiparasitics. It suffices to permanently stop an essential pathway in the symbiont to kill it. Broad spectrum antimicrobials usually target a conserved pathway like protein synthesis or cell wall construction, in order to affect a whole taxonomic group (Arenz & Wilson 2016, Barry et al. 2007, Green 2002).
Resistance of microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, parasites) to antimicrobials is one of the most important public health problems. Many mechanisms exist, and they are either acquired by mutation, by horizontal gene transfer, or are already intrinsic to the organism. The main mechanisms are modification of the antimicrobial, or its removal from the place of action, modification of its binding partner in the affected pathway, or usage of a back-up pathway. Participation of the organism in a consortium (like in biofilms) enables additional resistance mechanisms (Aminov & Mackie 2007, Peterson & Kaur 2018, van Acker et al. 2014, van Acker & Coenye 2016).
The events described here are specific to Mtb infection.
Resistance of microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, parasites) to antimicrobials is one of the most important public health problems. Many mechanisms exist, and they are either acquired by mutation, by horizontal gene transfer, or are already intrinsic to the organism. The main mechanisms are modification of the antimicrobial, or its removal from the place of action, modification of its binding partner in the affected pathway, or usage of a back-up pathway. Participation of the organism in a consortium (like in biofilms) enables additional resistance mechanisms (Aminov & Mackie 2007, Peterson & Kaur 2018, van Acker et al. 2014, van Acker & Coenye 2016).
The events described here are specific to Mtb infection.
所含基因
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