蜡生物合成
中文名称
通路描述
蜡是长链脂肪酸和长链脂肪酸醇的酯，在保护皮肤表面免受干燥和磨损方面发挥重要作用。人类中已鉴定出催化蜡生物合成两个反应的酶。FAR1 和 FAR2 在过氧化物酶体中将脂肪酸还原为脂肪酸醇，而 AWAT1 和 AWAT2 在细胞质中将脂肪酸醇和酰基-CoA 反应形成蜡酯。从观察到未正常合成蜡的培养细胞可通过共转染编码 FAR 和 AWAT 酶的 DNA 构建体诱导合成蜡，推断存在一种未鉴定的转运过程，将脂肪酸醇从过氧化物酶体转运至细胞质（Cheng & Russell 2004a,b）。
英文描述
Wax biosynthesis Waxes are esters of long chain fatty acids and long chain fatty alcohols that play an important role in protecting the skin surface from drying and abrasion. Enzymes that catalyze two reactions of wax biosynthesis have been characterized in humans. FAR1 and FAR2 catalyze the reduction of fatty acids to fatty alcohols in the peroxisome and AWAT1 and AWAT2 catalyze the reaction of fatty alcohols and acyl-CoA in the cytosol to form wax esters. The existence of a transport process, otherwise uncharacterized, to move fatty alcohols from the peroxisome to the cytosol is inferred from the observation that cultured cells that do not normally synthesize waxes can be induced to do so by co-transfection with DNA constructs encoding FAR and AWAT enzymes (Cheng & Russell 2004a,b).
所含基因
4 个基因