返回搜索

Defective HDR through Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) due to PALB2 loss of BRCA1 binding function

Reactome ID: R-HSA-9704331

中文名称

TP53 降解调控

通路描述

在不受胁迫的细胞中,TP53(p53)具有较短的半衰期,因为它经历快速的泛素化及蛋白酶体介导的降解。MDM2 是一种转录靶点,作为主要的 TP53 蛋白下调因子(Wu et al. 1993)。MDM2 形成同源二聚体和同源寡聚体,但也作为异二聚体/异寡聚体与 MDM4(MDMX)发挥作用(Sharp et al. 1999, Cheng et al. 2011, Huang et al. 2011, Pant et al. 2011)。MDM2 和 MDM4 的异二聚体可能在胚胎发育期间对 TP53 的下调尤为重要(Pant et al. 2011)。MDM2 的核定位由 AKT-或 SGK1 介导的磷酸化正调控(Mayo and Donner 2001, Zhou et al. 2001, Amato et al. 2009, Lyo et al. 2010)。CDK1 或 CDK2 对 MDM2 的磷酸化降低了其与 TP53 的结合亲和力(Zhang and Prives 2001)。ATM 和 CHEK2 激酶,由双链 DNA 断裂激活,磷酸化 TP53,降低其与 MDM2 的亲和力(Banin et al. 1998, Canman et al. 1998, Khanna et al. 1998, Chehab et al. 1999, Chehab et al. 2000)。同时,ATM 磷酸化 MDM2,阻止 MDM2 二聚化(Cheng et al. 2009, Cheng et al. 2011)。ATM 和 CHEK2 磷酸化 MDM4,触发 MDM2 介导的 MDM4 泛素化(Chen et al. 2005, Pereg et al. 2005)。Cyclin G1(CCNG1),由 TP53 转录诱导,靶向 PP2A 磷酸酶复合物到 MDM2,导致 MDM2 在特定位点的去磷酸化,这可以对 MDM2 功能产生正或负影响(Okamoto et al. 2002)。与 MDM2 相比,泛素连接酶 RNF34(CARP1)和 RFFL(CARP2)可以泛素化磷酸化 TP53(Yang et al. 2007)。除了泛素化 MDM4(Pereg et al. 2005)外,MDM2 还可以发生自泛素化(Fang et al. 2000)。MDM2 和 MDM4 可由泛素蛋白酶 USP2 去泛素化(Stevenson et al. 2007, Allende-Vega et al. 2010)。泛素蛋白酶 USP7 可去泛素化 TP53,但在 DAXX 存在下,DAXX 去泛素化 MDM2(Li et al. 2002, Sheng et al. 2006, Tang et al. 2006)。肿瘤抑制蛋白 p14-ARF,由 CDKN2A 基因在应对致癌或氧化应激时表达,与 MDM2 和 TP53 形成三元复合物,将 MDM2 从 TP53 中隔离,从而防止 TP53 降解(Zhang et al. 1998, Parisi et al. 2002, Voncken et al. 2005)。关于该主题的综述,请参考 Kruse and Gu 2009。
英文描述
Defective HDR through Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) due to PALB2 loss of BRCA1 binding function Mutations in the N-terminal coiled-coil domain of PALB2 (amino acids 9-44), involved in self-interaction and BRCA1 binding, impair the interaction of PALB2 with BRCA1 (Sy et al. 2009, Foo et al. 2017, Boonen et al. 2020). Phosphorylation of PALB2 by ATR on serine residue S59 promotes BRCA1-PALB2 interaction and the localization of PALB2 to DNA damage sites (Buisson et al. 2017). Mutations in the coiled-coil domain can also affect PALB2 self-interaction, recruitment to double-strand break sites, homologous recombination repair, and RAD51 foci formation (Buisson and Masson 2012). PALB2 missense mutants that do not bind to BRCA1 can still be recruited to DNA double-strand break repair (DSBR) sites, probably through interaction with other proteins involved in DSBR, but they are unable to restore efficient gene conversion in PALB2-deficient cells and they render cells hypersensitive to the DNA damaging agent mitomycin C (Sy et al. 2009). Some variants in this region are also sensitive to PARP inhibitors (Foo et al. 2017).

所含基因

23 个基因