酸味感知
中文名称
通路描述
酸味通道 OTOP1 位于 III 型味觉毛细胞中，它将 H+离子从细胞外区域转运到细胞质内（综述：Liman 和 Kinnamon，2021）。有机酸，如乙酸和柠檬酸，被认为也可以通过质子化（未带电）形式的酸穿过细胞膜被动扩散进入 III 型味觉毛细胞。细胞质内 H+离子的增加抑制 KCNJ2 钾离子通道，并可能打开未鉴定的钠离子通道以进一步去极化细胞。由此产生的去极化足以产生动作电位，最终导致释放神经递质血清素（5-HT）和γ-丁酸（GABA）（从黄等，2005 年、黄等，2009 年、黄等，2011 年推断，黄等，2011 年）。缺乏 P2x2 和 P2x3 ATP 受体的小鼠对酸味诱饵不会产生神经活动，因此 ATP 可能在酸味传递中发挥作用（Eddy 等，2009）。
英文描述
Sensory perception of sour taste The sour taste channel OTOP1 is located in type III taste bud cells where it transports H+ ions from the extracellular region into the cytosol (reviewed in Liman and Kinnamon 2021). Organic acids such as acetic acid and citric acid are believed to also enter type III taste bud cells by passive diffusion of the protonated (uncharged) form of the acid across the plasma membrane. The increase in cytosolic H+ ions inhibits the KCNJ2 potassium channel and may also open unidentified sodium channels to further depolarize the cell. The resulting depolarization is adequate to generate an action potential which eventually results in release of the neurotransmitters serotonin (5-HT) and gamma-butyric acid (GABA) (inferred from mouse type III cells in Huang et al. 2005, Huang et al. 2009, Huang et al. 2011). Mice lacking both P2x2 and P2x3 ATP receptors do not produce nerve activity in response to sour tastants so ATP may play a role in transmission of sour taste (Eddy et al. 2009).
所含基因
2 个基因