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Complex IV assembly

Reactome ID: R-HSA-9864848

中文名称

NLRP1 炎症小体

通路描述

MDP(Faustin 等,2007)激活 NLRP1。它是第一个被表征的炎症小体,被描述为包含 NALP1、ASC、caspase-1 和 caspase-5 的复杂结构(Martinon 等,2002)。与 NLRP3 不同,NLRP1 具有包含 CARD 结构的 C 端延伸,据报道可直接与未切割的 caspase-1 相互作用,从而无需 ASC(Faustin 等,2007),尽管 ASC 被发现能增强这种相互作用。小鼠 NLRP1 没有 PYD 结构域,因此预计不会直接与 caspase-1 相互作用。与 NLRP3 炎症小体类似,阳离子钾外流对于 caspase-1 的激活似乎是必需的(Wickliffe 等,2008)。鸟苷三磷酸(NTPs)是 NALP1 介导的 caspase-1 激活所必需的,其中 ATP 效率最高,Mg2+ 也是必需的(Faustin 等,2007)。人类 NLRP1 基因在老鼠中有 3 个同源基因,这些基因高度多态。不同鼠系之间的差异导致对炭疽致死毒素的易感性不同(Boyden & Dietrich 2006)。
英文描述
Complex IV assembly At least 30 proteins are required to form the functional human complex IV, 14 of which are complex subunits. The complex contains the cofactors heme a, heme a3, and one mononuclear copper (CuB) center in the COX1 subunit, and a binuclear copper (CuA) in COX2, as well as several lipid molecules (phosphatidylethanolamine, PE, cardiolipin, CL) in different subunits (PDB 5Z62; Zong et al., 2018). The insertion of these cofactors is an intricate process requiring many assembly factors (Nývltová et al, 2022; reviewed in Mick et al., 2011; Timón-Gómez et al., 2018; Watson & McStay, 2020; Dennerlein et al., 2023).

Mutations in any complex IV subunits or assembly factors lead to different types of complex IV deficiency, usually manifesting as Leigh syndrome (MIM:220110; reviewed in Pecina et al., 2004; Čunátová et al., 2020)

所含基因

46 个基因