G alpha (z) 信号事件
中文名称
通路描述
G alpha (z) 是 G (i) 家族成员，与 G alpha (i) 家族其他成员不同，其 C 端四个残基处缺乏 ADP 核糖基化位点，因此对 pertussis 毒素不敏感。它抑制腺苷酸环化酶 I、V 和 VI 型。G alpha (z) 与 Rap1 GTP 酶激活蛋白 (Rap1GAP) 相互作用以减弱 Rap1 信号。作为所有 G 蛋白，G alpha (z) 具有内在的 GTP 酶活性，但此活性较低，特别是对于 pertussis 毒素不敏感的 G 蛋白，G alpha (z) 的 GTP 水解 kcat 值比 G alpha (s) 或 G alpha (i) 低 200 倍。G alpha (z) 敲除小鼠在生理浓度的肾上腺素下出现血小板聚集紊乱，对多种神经活性药物的反应发生改变。调节 G 蛋白信号转导 (RGS) 蛋白可调节 G alpha (z) 的活性。
英文描述
Complex III assembly Assembly of the cytochrome c (cytochrome bc1) reductase (Complex III) was mainly investigated in yeast. The process in humans is considered to recapitulate the process in the yeast system based on the high similarity in structure and composition of the yeast and human complexes. Human Complex III probably consists of two identical sub-complexes, each containing at least 11 subunits: the catalytic core containing cytochrome b (MT-CYTB), cytochrome c1 (CYC1), and the Rieske protein (UQCRFS1), as well as the additional subunits UQCRC1, UQCRC2, UQCRC10, UQCRC11, UQCRCB, UQCRCH, UQCRCQ (Guo et al., 2017; Dennerlein et al., 2021; reviewed in Ndi et al., 2018; Signes & Fernandez-Vizarra, 2018). While complex I, III, and IV form a supercomplex, there is no evidence of any physiological advantage of this configuration (reviewed in Kohler et al., 2023; Brischigliaro et al., 2023). Mutations in nuclear genes coding for subunits of Complex III, as well as assembly factors, can cause complex III deficiency (MC3D; reviewed in Fernández-Vizarra & Zeviani, 2015).
所含基因
26 个基因