硫代系统
中文名称
通路描述
泛素和泛素样蛋白（Ubls）是控制许多细胞功能的信号分子，如细胞增殖、凋亡和 DNA 修复。研究表明，泛素 - 蛋白修饰进化自原核生物的硫转移系统。钼辅因子（Moco）和硫胺素是含硫辅因子，其生物合成包括一个关键的硫转移步骤，使用独特的硫载体蛋白 MoaD 和 ThiS。泛素、MoaD 和 ThiS 都是结构相关的蛋白，其 C 端通过同源 E1 样酶的腺苷酸化激活。s2T 生物合成可能与 Moco 和硫胺素合成具有相似的化学性质。在酿酒酵母中，Urm1 和 Uba4 作为 ubl 蛋白共轭系统的一部分发挥作用，尽管它们与细菌硫转移酶具有序列同源性，并且能够在硫转移中发挥作用。
英文描述
Ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins (Ubls) are signalling messengers that control many cellular functions, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA repair. It is suggested that Ub-protein modification evolved from prokaryotic sulfurtransfer systems. Molybdenum cofactor (Moco) and thiamin are sulfur-containing cofactors whose biosynthesis includes a key sulfur transfer step that uses unique sulfur carrier proteins, MoaD and ThiS. Ubiquitin, MoaD, and ThiS are all structurally related proteins whose C-termini are activated through adenylation by homologous E1-like enzymes. s2T biosynthesis may share similar chemistry with Moco and thiamin synthesis. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Urm1 and Uba4 function as part of a ubl protein conjugation system, though they have sequence homology to bacterial sulfur-transfer enzymes and the ability to function in sulfur transfer.
所含基因
8 个基因